Ready to study some enjoyable and attention-grabbing details about Peru? Whether you’re planning a visit to Peru otherwise you’re simply having fun with some armchair touring, put together to be awed by these wonderful Peru details.
Peru is a rustic steeped in historical past, wealthy in tradition, and endowed with an extremely numerous geography. Nestled within the western a part of South America, it’s a treasure trove of historical civilizations, tantalizing delicacies, and awe-inspiring pure wonders.
Interesting Facts About Peru
Did you understand there’s a canyon that’s over 10,000 toes deep (twice the depth of Arizona’s Grand Canyon)? Did you understand there’s a mass grave of 400 rectangular skulls that some folks consider are historical aliens? Did you understand you’ll be able to go boarding down sand dunes which are over 1,000 toes excessive? Not solely are these locations actual, however they’re all situated in Peru. This gem in South America is likely one of the most biodiverse and culturally fascinating locations on the planet.
1. The Mystery of the Nazca Lines
Is it historical spiritual paintings? A constellation chart to trace the celebs? Or a long-lost alien touchdown strip? The Nazca Lines stay one of many world’s best mysteries.
Archaeologists now understand how the Nazca folks made these well-known geoglyphs, however nobody has but discovered why. Located on a coastal plain 250 miles south of Lima, that is one website you merely must see to consider.
What makes the Nazca Lines so fascinating is their scale and precision. There are over 800 straight traces that stretch throughout the plain, a few of that are over 30 miles in size. There are additionally 300 geometric patterns together with triangles, zig-zags, spirals, and arrows. Finally, there are over 70 depictions of crops and animals, a few of that are over 1,200 toes lengthy.
They have been believed to be created between 500 BCE and 500 CE and researchers have been learning them for many years, however they’re no nearer to a solution for what they’re (or why there have been constructed) than after they began. The goal behind these traces stays a thriller. While some researchers consider that they could have had astronomical significance, others assume that they could possibly be associated to water, fertility, or spiritual rituals. Book an aerial tour of the Nazca Lines throughout your journey to Peru and give you your individual concept!
2. Coca Leaves Are Great for Your Health
Peru’s native coca plant usually will get a foul rep as a result of it may be used to make cocaine. However, in its pure, non-concentrated kind, it gives customers a bunch of well being advantages. When trekking excessive within the Andes Mountains, coco leaves can assist calm altitude illness. We drank coco tea after we first landed in Cusco to acclimate to the altitude and it actually did assist to alleviate our complications.
The leaves of the coca plant are filled with Vitamin B, Vitamin C, and iron. Locals use it to alleviate ache and starvation, whereas guests can expertise reduction from altitude illness. In the previous, Incans used the plant in spiritual rituals and even buried coca leaves with the lifeless.
Coca-leaf tea is secure to drink and broadly obtainable throughout the nation. You can even do because the locals do and easily chew on the leaves to take pleasure in the advantages.
3. Peru Gave Us Potatoes & Tomatoes
It’s exhausting to think about a world with out tomatoes and potatoes, however these native species have been unknown exterior of South American international locations till the 1500s.
Peru is residence to over 3,000 types of potatoes in an array of sizes, colours, and textures. In truth, it’s such an integral a part of the Peruvian weight-reduction plan that proud locals usually say, “Soy mas Peruano que la papa” (I’m extra Peruvian than the potato).
While potatoes instantly grew to become common all through the remainder of the world, tomatoes have been truly feared for hundreds of years. Europeans mistakenly believed this native Peruvian fruit was toxic. It wasn’t till pizza was invented in Naples, Italy, within the Eighties that tomatoes grew to become a trusted and beloved meals merchandise.
The wild tomatoes that develop all through the area are smaller than what you discover at your native grocery retailer. Interestingly, although, this plant is the wild ancestor of each sort of tomato we eat right now.
4. Peru’s Geography Is Astoundingly Diverse
Peru is a geographical wonderland. From the arid plains of the Pacific coastal area to the peaks of the Andes mountains, and down into the plush Amazon rainforest, the variety is staggering. With so many alternative landscapes Peru is likely one of the most bio numerous international locations on this planet.
The Peruvian Andes mountain vary, probably the most distinguished options of Peru’s geography, is the longest mountain vary on this planet. The highlands are residence to a wealthy tapestry of cultures and historic websites, together with Machu Picchu. The Amazon basin which covers practically 60% of Peru, is likely one of the most ecologically wealthy areas on the planet, with an virtually unfathomable number of plant and animal life.
5. The Atacama Desert
Forget the Sahara Desert. The driest place on earth is the Atacama Desert of Peru and Chile, the place it’s unattainable for something to develop. In truth, the one factor that lives there’s a microscopic organism that will get moisture from minerals as an alternative of water.
Just how dry is the Atacama? Some elements of it have acquired lower than an inch of rain prior to now 30 years!These circumstances and otherworldly landscapes of the Atacama have led it to be in comparison with Mars, and it has even been used as a testing website for Mars rovers.
In the Peruvian portion of the Atacama, the desert stretches alongside the coast and includes a panorama dotted with rocky formations, sand dunes, and small oases. The distinctive local weather circumstances have additionally contributed to the preservation of historical geoglyphs, just like the Nazca Lines, and mummies that present perception into the area’s historical civilizations.
6. Cotahuasi Canyon
Remember that deep canyon we talked about on the outset? You’ll discover it in a distant area of southern Peru, over 12 hours by bus from the closest metropolis of Arequipa.
Cotahuasi Canyon is the deepest canyon within the Americas and one of many deepest canyons on this planet which makes it a testomony to Peru’s breathtaking pure magnificence. Located within the southern a part of the nation, it reaches a depth of three,535 meters, making it virtually twice as deep because the Grand Canyon within the United States.
It is commonly overshadowed by Colca Canyon however should you love journey like we do then you’ll undoubtedly need to go to Cotahuasi Canyon for trekking, white-water rafting, and the chance to discover historical ruins. The canyon can also be residence to numerous natural world, together with large hummingbirds and the Andean condor, one of many largest flying birds on this planet
7. The Amazon Rainforest
An attention-grabbing truth about Peru is that two-thirds of the nation is roofed in thick, lush, tropical rainforests. Peru can also be residence to the 5 rivers and tributaries that function the headwaters for the mighty Amazon River. Although nearly all of the Amazon rainforest lies in Brazil, the gateway to the Amazon lies within the coronary heart of Peru.
More than half of the world’s species of crops, mammals, and birds stay on this spectacular rainforest. It additionally produces 6% of the world’s oxygen. You can study all these details about Peru (and way more) whenever you take an Amazon River cruise from Iquitos.
8. Lake Titicaca
Straddling the border of Bolivia and Peru, Lake Titicaca holds the distinction of the world’s highest lake. It sits at a dizzying 12,507 toes above sea stage and covers an space 120 miles lengthy and 50 miles vast.
Lake Titicaca, located within the Peruvian Andes between Peru and Bolivia, holds the title of the best navigable lake on this planet. It can also be South America’s largest lake by quantity of water. With a floor elevation of 12,507 toes, it offers breathtaking views of the encompassing snow-capped mountains.
The lake is steeped in historical past and legend. It is believed to be the birthplace of the Incas, and quite a few historical ruins encompass its shores. The floating islands of the Uros persons are one of many lake’s most well-known points of interest. These islands are made fully of reeds and are repeatedly maintained by their inhabitants. Also, In the Seventies, researchers found a whole metropolis hidden beneath the waters of the lake. The thriller continues.
9. Rainbow Mountain
Vinicunca, extra generally referred to as Rainbow Mountain, is one in every of Peru’s pure wonders. Located within the Andes, this mountain is legendary for its strikingly colourful layers, that are a results of sedimentary mineral layers being uncovered by erosion. Almost undiscovered till 2015, Rainbow Mountain shortly grew to become well-known for its jaw-dropping and Instagram-worthy magnificence. Layers of clay and sedimentary rock rework the in any other case bleak panorama right into a literal rainbow of coloration.
You can learn all about what it’s prefer to trek to Rainbow Mountain in our complete information to Hiking Rainbow Mountain.
An expedition to this pure surprise isn’t for the faint of coronary heart, although. At over 17,000 toes above sea stage, it’s sure to be one of many highest altitudes you’ve ever trekked. Make certain you’re well-adjusted to the elevation earlier than you join a tour!
10. Cerro Blanco Sand Dune
How would you want to go to the world’s tallest sand dune? Cerro Blanco holds the title of the best sand dune on this planet, standing at an astounding top of over 3,800 toes. To put that in perspective, that’s taller than the best mountain in England!
Located close to the well-known Nazca Lines, this sand dune is the premier vacation spot for sandboarding, dune buggies, and different out of doors adventures. The dune is located inside a desert valley surrounded by rugged mountains, creating a novel microclimate. The hike to the highest of Cerro Blanco is rigorous, however whenever you attain the summit you might be rewarded with panoramic views of the desert panorama and an exhilarating descent on a sandboard.
11. Machu Picchu Is a Wonder of the World
You can’t hear the phrase “Peru” with out conjuring a psychological picture of the misplaced metropolis of Macchu Picchu. A hike alongside the Inca Trail to this man-made marvel is a should for anybody who visits Peru. Follow the footsteps of the mighty Inca Empire by the Sacred Valley to town within the sky.
Located excessive within the mountains exterior Cusco, Macchu Picchu was misplaced to the surface world till 1911. Archaeologists consider the traditional metropolis was constructed on the top of the Inca Empire in the course of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Their greatest guess is that it served as a royal property for Incan nobles, however nobody is aware of for certain why it was constructed.
The once-lost metropolis spans 5 miles and consists of 150 buildings and three,000 stone steps. It’s little surprise (pun supposed) that it was designated one of many New Seven Wonders of the World again in 2007. Read: How to Plan a Trip to Machu Picchu
12. The Quechua People Have Interesting Marriage Customs
The native Quechua persons are identified for his or her heat smiles and colourful patterned clothes. But there’s much more to this lovely tradition than first meets the attention.
For instance, you’ll be able to simply inform the marital standing of any Quechua lady you meet. How? Easy: Single girls put on knitted caps, whereas married girls put on straw hats.
Even extra attention-grabbing, the Quechua observe “trial marriage,” a customized relationship again 1000’s of years. Men and girls are free to decide on their companions, finish the connection, and remarry at any time. Any kids born within the interim are seen as belonging to the group, not a selected couple.
13. The Bizarre Elongated Skulls of Paracas
The Paracas Peninsula on Peru’s southern coast is understood for the invention of the Paracas Skulls. These elongated skulls belong to the traditional Paracas tradition, which existed roughly 2,000 years in the past. When archaeologists first uncovered the unusual cone-shaped skulls within the Paracas area, rumors shortly unfold that they have been as soon as aliens. Although it’s an enchanting concept, science has confirmed that the skulls are human in origin.
The uncommon form is as a result of historical observe of head binding. During the primary few years of a child’s life, dad and mom would wrap the top in particular methods to change the form of the rising bones. This might have been finished as a ceremony of passage or to tell apart completely different courses in society.
While elongated skulls have been discovered in several elements of the world, the Paracas skulls are distinctive due to their huge measurement and variation in form. Some theories counsel that cranial deformation was carried out to suggest social standing, whereas others have proposed extra enigmatic origins.
14. Guinea Pigs will not be Pets in Peru
In many elements of the world, guinea pigs are stored as cute pets, however in Peru, they’ve a distinct standing. One of the strangest meals we encountered in Peru was the deep-fried guinea pigs. Peruvian delicacies is sort of numerous with a mix of seafood, and meats with corn and potatoes being its base. But a delicacy in Peru is Cuy, aka roasted guinea pig. They don’t have a look at these furry critters as pets, no, these are meals.
Cuy is often served complete, usually baked or barbecued, and is well known for its high-protein and low-fat content material. It can also be a central a part of varied Andean festivals and rituals. While it may be a cultural shock for some (us included), making an attempt cuy is taken into account a should for experiencing genuine Peruvian delicacies.
15. Traditional Peruvian Poncho
The conventional Peruvian poncho is a garment deeply rooted within the historical past and tradition of the Andean area. Rich in symbolism and crafted with unparalleled talent, Peruvian ponchos will not be solely useful but additionally function a mirrored image of the wearer’s identification and heritage.
Originally, ponchos have been constituted of a single piece of cloth with a slit within the middle for the top. This primary design supplied heat and safety in opposition to the cruel climate of the Andes. However, the poncho advanced right into a canvas for inventive expression and cultural illustration. The patterns and colours in a conventional Peruvian poncho are sometimes particular to a sure group or area, permitting people to convey their origin and ancestry by their apparel.
The weaving of a poncho is an intricate and time-consuming course of, usually taking a number of weeks and even months to finish. Alpaca and llama wool are the commonest supplies used, identified for his or her sturdiness, heat, and softness. The pure dyes used within the poncho’s design are sometimes derived from crops, minerals, and bugs, lending to a variety of vibrant colours.
16. There are Three Official Languages in Peru
One of probably the most attention-grabbing and enjoyable details about Peru is that there are three completely different languages spoken within the nation. While Spanish is probably the most broadly spoken language in Peru, the nation acknowledges three official languages: Spanish, Quechua, and Aymara. Quechua was the first language of the Inca Empire and continues to be spoken by the Quechua folks within the Andean highlands.
Aymara can also be an indigenous language spoken round Lake Titicaca and in some Andean areas. The recognition of those languages is just not solely necessary for communication but additionally performs a major position in preserving the wealthy cultural heritage and variety of Peru.
17. The Capital City of Peru is Lima
Lima, the capital of Peru, is commonly the entry level for a lot of guests and serves as a gateway to the nation’s many points of interest. Founded by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro in 1535, Lima is a melting pot of cultures, with a wealthy colonial historical past and vibrant fashionable tradition. Downtown Lima is residence to varied historic websites, together with colonial church buildings, palaces, and the well-known Plaza Mayor.
The metropolis can also be celebrated for its gastronomy, boasting a number of world-renowned eating places and a big selection of conventional dishes. The coastal location provides a dimension of magnificence to town, with gorgeous cliffs and seashores that appeal to each locals and vacationers. There is loads to do in Lima and you’ll uncover all of it in our article Best Things to do in Lima, Peru.
18. The Inca Civilization
The Inca civilization is likely one of the most iconic facets of Peru. At its top within the fifteenth century, it was the most important empire in pre-Columbian America. The Incas have been exceptional engineers, as evidenced by buildings like Machu Picchu and Sacsayhuamán. It is alleged that The Incas have been the solely historical tradition on this planet to outline constellations of each darkish and light-weight.
Although the Inca Empire was short-lived as a result of Spanish conquest, its influence on Peruvian tradition is plain. The Quechua language, conventional clothes, and varied customs have been carried by generations, preserving the legacy of the Incas.
Facts About Peru FAQ
What Are 5 Fun Facts About Peru?
Peru is residence to the best sand dune on this planet, Cerro Blanco, which stands at roughly 2,078 meters. The Amazon Rainforest covers practically 60% of Peru, making it the second-largest portion of the Amazon, after Brazil. Guinea pigs, referred to as ‘cuy’ in Peru, are thought of a delicacy and have been consumed within the Andean area for 1000’s of years. Peru grows greater than 55 types of corn, ranging in coloration from white and yellow to purple and black. The Floating Islands of Uros on Lake Titicaca are made fully of reeds and are residence to the Uros folks, who keep them by including new layers of reeds.
What Are Some Unique Facts About Peru?
The Nazca Lines, a collection of historical geoglyphs within the Nazca Desert, stay an enigma. They have been created between 500 BCE and 500 CE, and a few of the figures can solely be absolutely seen from the air. Cotahuasi Canyon is likely one of the deepest canyons on this planet, virtually twice as deep because the Grand Canyon within the United States. The Quechua folks observe ‘servinacuy’, a type of trial marriage, the place {couples} stay collectively for a interval earlier than deciding to formally marry. The historical Paracas tradition practiced cranial deformation, resulting in the invention of the weird elongated skulls within the Paracas Peninsula. The conventional Peruvian dish ceviche is believed to have been consumed in an identical kind for over two thousand years, with historical civilizations utilizing fermented juice from banana passionfruit to marinate the fish.
What Will You Do With These Fun Facts About Peru?
So, which of those details about Peru was most attention-grabbing to you? Was it the mysterious Nazca Lines? The not too long ago found Rainbow Mountain? The distinctive cultural traditions of the Quechua folks? Or the unimaginable biodiversity in a rustic that’s residence to the world’s driest desert and thickest jungles?
Whichever Peru details jumped out at you, one factor is definite: There’s no scarcity of issues to study this wonderful nation.
Is Peru on the prime of your journey bucket checklist? Would you prefer to study extra attention-grabbing details about Peru, together with learn how to plan your journey to South America? Click right here for our in-depth Peru journey information and continue learning about this unimaginable journey vacation spot.